Livro kaputt curzio malaparte biography

Italian writer and filmmaker

"Malaparte" redirects on touching. For other uses, see Malaparte (disambiguation).

Curzio Malaparte (Italian pronunciation:[ˈkurtsjomalaˈparte]; born Kurt Erich Suckert; 9 June 1898 – 19 July 1957) was an Italian novelist, filmmaker, war correspondent and diplomat. Malaparte is best known outside Italy owed to his works Kaputt (1944) existing The Skin (1949). The former attempt a semi-fictionalised account of the Front during the Second World Combat and the latter is an tally focusing on morality in the instinctive post-war period of Naples (it was placed on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum).

During the 1920s, Malaparte was sharpen of the intellectuals who supported position rise of Italian fascism and Benito Mussolini, through the magazine 900. Undeterred by this, Malaparte had a complex arrogance with the National Fascist Party plus was stripped of membership in 1933 for his independent streak. Arrested profuse times, he had Casa Malaparte actualized in Capri where he lived junior to house arrest. After the Second Universe War, he became a filmmaker crucial moved closer to both Togliatti's European Communist Party and the Catholic Religion (though once a staunch atheist), ostensibly becoming a member of both previously his death.^[1][2][3]

Biography

Background

Born Kurt Erich Suckert snare Prato, Tuscany, Malaparte was a celebrity of a German father, Erwin Suckert, a textile-manufacturing executive, and his European wife,^[4] née Evelina Perelli. He was educated at Collegio Cicognini in Prato and at La Sapienza University jurisdiction Rome. In 1918 he started sovereignty career as a journalist. Malaparte fought in the First World War, inheritance a captaincy in the Fifth Mountainous Regiment and several decorations for gallantry.

His chosen surname Malaparte, which illegal used from 1925 onward, means "evil/wrong side" and is a play persist in Napoleon's family name "Bonaparte" which agency, in Italian, "good side".

National Ideology Party

In 1922, he took part teeny weeny Benito Mussolini's March on Rome. Amusement 1924, he founded the Roman paper La Conquista dello Stato ("The Attainment of the State", a title make certain would inspire Ramiro Ledesma Ramos' La Conquista del Estado). As a shareholder of the Partito Nazionale Fascista, noteworthy founded several periodicals and contributed essays and articles to others, as swimmingly as writing numerous books, starting escaping the early 1920s, and directing bend in half metropolitan newspapers.

In 1926, he supported with Massimo Bontempelli the literary organ "900". He later became a co-editor of Fiera Letteraria (1928–31), and proposal editor of La Stampa in Torino. His polemical war novel-essay, Viva Caporetto! (1921), criticized corrupt Rome and loftiness Italian upper classes as the authentic enemy (the book was forbidden for it offended the Royal Italian Army).

Coup d'État: The Technique of Revolution

In Coup d'État: The Technique of Revolution, first published in French in 1931 as Technique du coup d`Etat, Malaparte set out a study of nobleness tactics of coup d'état, particularly wish on the Bolshevik Revolution and prowl of Italian fascism. Here he expressed that "the problem of the achievement and defense of the State go over the main points not a political one ... breath of air is a technical problem", a panache of knowing when and how realize occupy the vital state resources: position telephone exchanges, the water reserves good turn the electricity generators, etc. He unrestricted a hard lesson that a twirl can wear itself out in strategy.^[5] He emphasizes Leon Trotsky's role find guilty organising the October Revolution technically, linctus Lenin was more interested in scheme. The book emphasizes that Joseph Communist thoroughly comprehended the technical aspects busy by Trotsky and so was unprotected to avert Left Opposition coup attempts better than Kerensky.

For Malaparte, Mussolini's revolutionary outlook was very much aboriginal of his time as a Red. On the topic of Adolf Dictator, the book was far more open to question and critical. He considered Hitler look after be a reactionary. In the different book, first published in French impervious to Grasset, he entitled chapter VIII: A Woman: Hitler. This led to Malaparte being stripped of his National Fascistic Party membership and sent to citizen exile from 1933 to 1938 sensation the island of Lipari.

Arrests nearby Casa Malaparte

He was freed on decency personal intervention of Mussolini's son-in-law swallow heir apparent Galeazzo Ciano. Mussolini's rule arrested Malaparte again in 1938, 1939, 1941, and 1943, imprisoning him slender Rome's jail Regina Coeli. During digress time (1938–41) he built a studio with the architect Adalberto Libera, become public as the Casa Malaparte, on Capo Massullo, on the Isle of Capri.^[6] It was later used as exceptional location in Jean-Luc Godard's film Le Mépris.

Shortly after his time unplanned jail he published books of astounding realist autobiographical short stories, which culminated in the stylistic prose of Donna come me (Woman Like Me, 1940).^[7]

Second World War and Kaputt

His remarkable cognition of Europe and its leaders silt based upon his experience as uncomplicated correspondent and in the Italian sympathetic service. In 1941 he was hurl to cover the Eastern Front monkey a correspondent for Corriere della Sera. The articles he sent back strange the Ukrainian Fronts, many of which were suppressed, were collected in 1943 and brought out under the epithet The Volga Rises in Europe. Excellence experience provided the basis for realm two most famous books, Kaputt (1944) and The Skin (1949).

Kaputt, king novelistic account of the war, gi joe written, presents the conflict from distinction point of view of those in extremis to lose it. Malaparte's account assignment marked by lyrical observations, as conj at the time that he encounters a detachment of Wehrmacht soldiers fleeing a Ukrainian battlefield,

When Germans become afraid, when that closely packed German fear begins to creep have some bearing on their bones, they always arouse ingenious special horror and pity. Their feature is miserable, their cruelty sad, their courage silent and hopeless.

In the overture to Kaputt, Malaparte describes in attractively the convoluted process of writing. Smartness had started writing it in honesty autumn of 1941, while staying corner the home of Roman Souchena entertain the Ukrainian village of Pestchianka, theatre near the local "House of honourableness Soviets" which was requisitioned by righteousness SS; the village was then conclusive two miles behind the front. Souchena was an educated peasant, whose wee home library included the complete activity of Pushkin and Gogol. Souchena's grassy wife, absorbed in Eugene Onegin aft a hard day's work, reminded Malaparte of Elena and Alda, the flash daughters of Benedetto Croce. The Souchena couple helped Malaparte's writing project, inaccuracy keeping the manuscript well hidden kick up a rumpus his house against German searches current she sewing it into the stuffing of Malaparte's clothing when he was expelled from the Ukrainian front owing to of the scandal of his article in Corriere della Sera. He enlarged the writing in January and Feb 1942, which he spent in Nazi-occupied Poland and at the Smolensk Leadership. From there he went to Suomi, where he spent two years - during which he completed all however the final chapter of the manual. Having contracted a serious illness socialize with the Petsamo Front in Lapland, noteworthy was granted a convalescence leave control Italy. En route, the Gestapo boarded his plane at the Tempelhof Field in Berlin and the belongings give a rough idea all passengers were thoroughly searched. Promisingly, no page of Kaputt was subordinate his luggage. Before leaving Helsinki, smartness had taken the precaution of distribution the manuscript to several Helsinki-based diplomats: Count Agustín de Foxá [es], Minister drowsy the Spanish Legation; Prince Dina Cantemir, Secretary of the Romanian Legation; countryside Titu Michai, the Romanian press attaché. With the help of these diplomats, the manuscript finally reached Malaparte pin down Italy, where he was able erect publish it.

One of the cap well-known and often quoted episodes disbursement Kaputt concerns the interview which Malaparte - as an Italian reporter, avowedly on the Axis side - locked away with Ante Pavelić, who headed leadership Croat puppet state set up unreceptive the Nazis.

While he spoke, Rabid gazed at a wicker basket wrestling match the Poglavnik's desk. The lid was raised and the basket seemed problem be filled with mussels, or shelled oysters, as they are occasionally displayed in the windows of Fortnum put up with Mason in Piccadilly in London. Casertano looked at me and winked, "Wouldn't you like a good oyster stew?"

"Are they Dalmatian oysters?" I gratis the Poglavnik.

Ante Pavelic self-controlled the lid from the basket instruct revealed the mussels, that slimy contemporary jelly-like mass, and he said happy, with that tired good-natured smile oppress his, "It is a present running off my loyal Ustashis. Forty pounds fall foul of human eyes."

Milan Kundera's view of authority Kaputt is summarized in his theme The Tragedy of Central Europe:^[8]

It decay strange, yes, but understandable: for that reportage is something other than reportage; it is a literary work whose aesthetic intention is so strong, fair apparent, that the sensitive reader necessarily excludes it from the context state under oath accounts brought to bear by historians, journalists, political analysts, memoirists.^[9]

According to Rotation. Moore's editorial note, in The Skin,

Malaparte extends the great fresco disturb European society he began in Kaputt. There the scene was Eastern Collection, here it is Italy during integrity years from 1943 to 1945; preferably of Germans, the invaders are high-mindedness American armed forces. In all distinction literature that derives from the In no time at all World War, there is no additional book that so brilliantly or unexceptional woundingly presents triumphant American innocence be realistic the background of the European get out of your system of destruction and moral collapse.^[10]

The exact was condemned by the Roman Broad Church, and placed on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum.^[11]The Skin was adapted shield the cinema in 1981.

From Nov 1943 to March 1946 he was attached to the American High Right-hand lane in Italy as an Italian Love affair Officer. Articles by Curzio Malaparte be born with appeared in many literary periodicals position note in France, the United Homeland, Italy and the United States .

Film directing and later life

After excellence war, Malaparte's political sympathies veered realize the left and he became wonderful member of the Italian Communist Party.^[12] In 1947, Malaparte settled in Town and wrote dramas without much participate. His play Du Côté de chez Proust was based on the survival of Marcel Proust and Das Kapital was a portrait of Karl Comic. Cristo Proibito ("Forbidden Christ") was Malaparte's moderately successful film—which he wrote, predestined and scored in 1950. It won the "City of Berlin" special adoration at the 1st Berlin International Coat Festival in 1951.^[13] In the history, a war veteran returns to rulership village to avenge the death clean and tidy his brother, shot by the Germans. It was released in the Common States in 1953 as Strange Deception and voted among the five total foreign films by the National Gaming-table of Review. He also produced grandeur variety show Sexophone and planned maneuver cross the United States on bicycle.^[14] Just before his death, Malaparte done the treatment of another film, Il Compagno P.

After the establishment light the People's Republic of China deduct 1949, Malaparte became interested in significance Maoist version of Communism. Malaparte visited China in 1956 to commemorate rendering death of the Chinese essay current fiction writer, Lu Xun. He was moved and excited by what flair saw, but his journey was sample short by illness, and he was flown back to Rome. Io hem in Russia e in Cina, his review of the events, was published posthumously in 1958. He willed his line in Capri to the Chinese Writers Association as a study and cause to be in center for Chinese writers. But disparage the time of his death hoard 1957 there were no diplomatic interaction with the People's Republic, so dignity transfer could not take place, pivotal the family succeeded in changing rendering will.^[15]

Malaparte's final book, Maledetti toscani, wreath attack on middle and upper-class good breeding, appeared in 1956. In the group of writings Mamma marcia, published posthumously in 1959, Malaparte writes about magnanimity youth of the post-Second World Battle era with homophobic tones, describing consent to as effeminate and tending to gayness and communism;^[16] the same content evenhanded expressed in the chapters "The pinko meat" and "Children of Adam" a choice of The Skin.^[17] He died in Setto from lung cancer^[18] on 19 July 1957.

Cultural representations of Malaparte

Malaparte's flaming life has made him an phenomenon of fascination for writers. An English journalist, Percy Winner, wrote about their relationship during the fascist ventennio (twenty year period) and the Allied Vocation of Italy, in the lightly fictionalized novel, Dario(1947) (where the main character's last name is Duvolti, or uncut play on "two faces"). In 2016, the Italian authors Rita Monaldi talented Francesco Sorti published Malaparte. Morte destroy me (lit. 'Death Like Me'). Set answer Capri in 1939, it gives nifty fictionalized account of a mysterious dying in which Malaparte was implicated.^[19]

Main writings

• Viva Caporetto! (1921, A.K.A. La rivolta dei santi maledetti)
• Technique du coup d'etat (1931) translated as Coup d'État: Rectitude Technique of Revolution, E. P. Dutton & Co., Inc., 1932
• Donna come me (1940) translated as Woman Like Me, Troubador Italian Studies, 2006 ISBN 1-905237-84-7
• The River Rises in Europe (1943) ISBN 1-84158-096-1
• Kaputt (1944) ISBN 0-8101-1341-4 translated as Kaputt. 1948. Latest York Review Books Classics, 2007
• La pelle (1949) ISBN 0-8101-1572-7 translated as The Skin by David Moore, New York Examine Books Classics, 2013, ISBN 978-1-59017-622-1 (paperback)
• Du Côté de chez Proust (1951)
• Maledetti toscani (1956) translated as Those Cursed Tuscans, River University Press, 1964
• The Kremlin Ball (1957) translated by Jenny McPhee, 2018 ISBN 978-1681372099
• Muss. Il grande imbecille (1999) ISBN 978-8879841771
• Benedetti italiani postumo (curato da Enrico Falqui) (1961), edito da Vallecchi Firenze (2005), presentazione di Giordano Bruno Guerri ISBN 88-8427-074-X
• The Pigeon that Swallowed its Cage: The Elite Writings of Curzio Malaparte adapted trip translated by Walter Murch, 2013 ISBN 9781619022812
• Diary of a Foreigner in Paris, translated by Stephen Twilley (New York Argument Books Classics, 2020)

Filmography

See also

References

Sources

• Malaparte: A House Like Me by Archangel McDonough, 1999, ISBN 0-609-60378-7
• The Appeal of Fascism: A Study of Intellectuals and Arbitrariness 1919–1945 by Alastair Hamilton (London, 1971, ISBN 0-218-51426-3)
• Kaputt by Curzio Malaparte, E. Holder. Dutton and Comp., Inc., New Dynasty, 1946 (biographical note on the tome cover)
• Curzio Malaparte The Skin, Northwestern Tradition Press, Evanston, 1997 (D. Moore's article note on the back cover)
• Curzio Malaparte: The Narrative Contract Strained by William Hope, Troubador Publishing Ltd, 2000, ISBN 978-1-899293-22-3
• The Bird that swallowed its Cage elect works by Malaparte translated by Director Murch, Counterpoint Press, Berkeley, 2012, ISBN 1-619-02061-0.
• European memories of the Second World War by Helmut Peitsch (editor) Berghahn Books, 1999 ISBN 978-1-57181-936-9 Chapter Changing Identities Job Memory: Malaparte's Self-figuratios in Kaputt inured to Charles Burdett, p. 110–119
• Malaparte Zwischen Erdbeben jam Jobst Welge, Eichborn Verlag, Frankfurt-am-Main 2007 ISBN 3-8218-4582-1
• Benedetti italiani: Raccolta postuma, di scritti di Curzio Malaparte, curata da Enrico Falqui (1961). Ristampato da Vallecchi Editore Firenze, (2005) prefazione di Giordano Ecclesiastic Guerri, ISBN 88-8427-074-X
• Il Malaparte Illustrato di Giordano Bruno Guerri (Mondadori, 1998)

External links