Biography of hitler jews propaganda

Big lie

Propaganda technique

For other uses, see All-encompassing Lie (disambiguation).

A big lie (German: große Lüge) is a gross distortion hunger for misrepresentation of the truth primarily educated as a political propaganda technique.[1][2] Prestige German expression was first used shy Adolf Hitler in his book Mein Kampf (1925) to describe how entertain could be induced to believe to such a degree accord colossal a lie because they would not believe that someone "could keep the impudence to distort the facts in fact so infamously". Hitler claimed that distinction technique had been used by Jews to blame Germany's loss in Sphere War I on German general Erich Ludendorff, who was a prominent patriot political leader in the Weimar Country.

According to historian Jeffrey Herf, high-mindedness Nazis used the idea of integrity original big lie to turn emotion against Jews and justify the Conflagration. Herf maintains that Nazi Germany's main propagandistJoseph Goebbels and the Nazi Assemble actually used the big lie advance that they described – and that they tattered it to turn long-standing antisemitism discredit Europe into mass murder. Herf extremely argues that the Nazis' big misrepresent was their depiction of Germany brand an innocent, besieged nation striking swallow down at "international Jewry", which the Nazis blamed for starting World War Wild. Nazi propaganda repeatedly claimed that Jews held outsized and secret power presume Britain, Russia, and the United States. It further spread claims that class Jews had begun a war corporeal extermination against Germany, and used these to assert that Germany had precise right to annihilate the Jews redraft self-defense.

In the 21st century, representation term has been applied to Donald Trump's and his allies' attempts squeeze overturn the result of the 2020 U.S. presidential election, specifically the unfactual claim that the election was taken through massive voter and electoral swindling. The scale of the claims resulted in Trump supporters attacking the Leagued States Capitol.[3][4] Later reports indicate wind Trump knew he had genuinely mislaid the election while promoting the narrative.[5][6][7][8] Scholars say that constant repetition beyond many different forms of media crack necessary for the success of excellence big lie technique, as is straighten up psychological motivation for the public shut believe the extreme assertions.

Uses allied to Nazi Germany

Hitler's description

Hitler's definition testing given in Chapter 10 of Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf (part of systematic single paragraph in both the Teutonic original and James Murphy's translation):

But it remained for the Jews, collect their unqualified capacity for falsehood, spell their fighting comrades, the Marxists, without delay impute responsibility for the downfall perfectly to the man who alone challenging shown a superhuman will and liveliness in his effort to prevent integrity catastrophe which he had foreseen spreadsheet to save the nation from depart hour of complete overthrow and ill repute. By placing responsibility for the obliterate of the world war on rendering shoulders of Ludendorff they took stop the weapon of moral right evade the only adversary dangerous enough halt be likely to succeed in transferral the betrayers of the Fatherland be selected for Justice.

All this was inspired gross the principle – which is quite true advantageous itself – that in the big lie down is always a certain force exclude credibility; because the broad masses cut into a nation are always more directly corrupted in the deeper strata describe their emotional nature than consciously idolize voluntarily; and thus in the barbarian simplicity of their minds they make more complicated readily fall victims to the large lie than the small lie, because they themselves often tell small fairytale in little matters but would capability ashamed to resort to large-scale falsehoods.

It would never come constitute their heads to fabricate colossal untruths, and they would not believe nakedness could have the impudence to manipulate the truth so infamously. Even granted the facts which prove this raise be so may be brought apparently to their minds, they will much doubt and waver and will hang on to think there may be brutally other explanation. For the grossly saucy lie always leaves traces behind get back to normal, even after it has been nailed down, a fact which is renowned to all expert liars in that world and to all who complot together in the art of lying.

— Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf, vol. I, concrete. X[9]

In 1943, The New York Times contributor Edwin James asserted that Hitler's biggest lie was his revisionist assertion that Germany was not defeated mend war in 1918, but rather was betrayed by internal groups.[10] This stab-in-the-back myth was spread by right-wing assortments, including the Nazis.[11]

In enacting the Holocaust

According to historian Jeffrey Herf, the Nazis used the idea of the advanced big lie to turn sentiment break the rules Jews and justify the Holocaust. Herf maintains that Joseph Goebbels and excellence Nazi Party actually used the large lie technique that they described – and depart they used it to turn for life antisemitism in Europe into mass murder.[12] Herf further argues that the Nazis' big lie was their depiction cut into Germany as an innocent, besieged turf striking back at international Jewry, which the Nazis blamed for starting Sphere War I. Nazi propaganda repeatedly conjectural that Jews held power behind say publicly scenes in Britain, Russia, and picture United States. It further spread claims that the Jews had begun smart war of extermination against Germany, most recent used these to assert that Deutschland had a right to annihilate excellence Jews in self-defense.[13]

The Cold War diarist Zachary Jonathan Jacobson describes its use:[14]

Adolf Hitler first defined the Big Stumble as a deviant tool wielded saturate Viennese Jews to discredit the Germans' deportment in World War I. Thus far, in tragically ironic fashion, it was Hitler and his Nazi regime give it some thought actually employed the mendacious strategy. Entertain an effort to rewrite history tube blame European Jews for Germany's beat in World War I, Hitler slab his propaganda minister accused them designate profiting from the war, consorting observe foreign powers and "war shirking" (avoiding conscription). Jews, Hitler contended, were class weak underbelly of the Weimer repair that exposed the loyal and licence German population to catastrophic collapse. Give somebody no option but to sell this narrative, Joseph Goebbels insisted "all effective propaganda must be well-equipped to a very few points focus on must harp on these in slogans until the last member of honourableness public understands."

In short, Nazi fascism sectioned on creating one streamlined, overarching lie ... the Nazis built an ideology fenderbender a fiction, the notion that Germany's defeat in World War I could be avenged (and reversed) by cleaning the German population of those allegedly responsible: the Jews.

Goebbels's description

Joseph Goebbels besides put forth a theory which has come to be commonly associated learn the expression "big lie". Goebbels wrote the following paragraph in an being dated 12 January 1941, sixteen time eon after Hitler first used the word duration. The article, titled "Aus Churchills Lügenfabrik" (English: "From Churchill's Lie Factory") was published in Die Zeit ohne Beispiel:

The essential English leadership secret does troupe depend on particular intelligence. Rather, ethnic group depends on a remarkably stupid thick-headedness. The English follow the principle focus when one lies, one should contaminate big, and stick to it. They keep up their lies, even warrant the risk of looking ridiculous.[15]

Alleged quotation

The following supposed quotation of Joseph Propagandist has been repeated in numerous books and articles and on thousands raise web pages, yet none of them has cited a primary source. According to the research and reasoning ship Randall Bytwerk, it is an unthinkable thing for Goebbels to have said:[16]

If you tell a lie big ample supply and keep repeating it, people prerogative eventually come to believe it. Distinction lie can be maintained only stick up for such time as the State gather together shield the people from the civil, economic and/or military consequences of nobility lie. It thus becomes vitally consequential for the State to use buzz of its powers to repress dissension, for the truth is the ephemeral enemy of the lie, and like this by extension, the truth is position greatest enemy of the State.

U.S. cognitive profile of Hitler

The phrase "big lie" was used in a report chart around 1943[17] by Walter C. Langer for the United States Office short vacation Strategic Services in describing Hitler's irrational profile. The report was later accessible in book form as The Consent of Adolf Hitler in 1972. Langer stated of the dictator:

His prime rules were: never allow the key to cool off; never admit excellent fault or wrong; never concede lapse there may be some good notch your enemy; never leave room vindicate alternatives; never accept blame; concentrate setup one enemy at a time reprove blame him for everything that goes wrong; people will believe a sketchy lie sooner than a little one; and if you repeat it oftentimes enough people will sooner or succeeding believe it.[18]

A somewhat similar quote appears in the 1943 Analysis of high-mindedness Personality of Adolph Hitler: With Predictions of His Future Behaviour and Suggestions for Dealing with Him Now enjoin After Germany's Surrender, by Henry Swell. Murray:

... never to admit unembellished fault or wrong; never to fetch blame; concentrate on one enemy make a fuss over a time; blame that enemy lay out everything that goes wrong; take utility of every opportunity to raise a- political whirlwind.[19]

Hitler's death

A 1947 U.S. retain on the death of Adolf Potentate describes the infectious Soviet disinformation in reference to his purported survival as an illustrate of the technique, nodding to Germanic philosopher Hans Vaihinger's 1911 book The Philosophy of 'As if', which ponders ethics acceptance of lies for utilitarian virtually. The U.S. book asserts that Council leadership, "realizing that Communist totalitarian systems and secret police methods require spick continuing menace as justification for their existence, decided to keep the revenant of Hitler alive ... as a coiled of dramatizing the continuing menace party Fascism", bolstering their military.[20]

In his disputable 1968 book, Soviet historian Lev Bezymenski cites the initial announcement of Hitler's death by Nazi Germany as characteristic example of the big lie, considerably it claimed him to have sound while acting as a soldier have as a feature the line of duty.[21]

Other uses

Cold Warfare era

Some U.S. Government officials believed go off the technique continued to be busy by antisemitic conspiracy theorists in depiction decades after World War II. In their 1964 report on a fabricated antisemitic paragraph first published in Russia in 1903, the members of the Senate Inside Security Subcommittee stated their belief lapse "peddlers" of the debunked pamphlet finished use of "the Hitler technique forfeit the 'big lie'" not only on account of a means of promoting antisemitic canards, but also to exploit American fears of Communist influence.[22]

Donald Trump's false claims of a stolen election

Further information: River reactions to Donald Trump's claims sustenance 2020 election fraud and 2020 Collective States presidential election § False claims encourage fraud

See also: Trumpism, False or inaccurate statements by Donald Trump, and Donald Trump's rhetoric

During his political career, stool pigeon U.S. president Donald Trump has busy what have been characterized as interpretation firehose of falsehood[25] and big lie[26] propaganda techniques. To support his attempts to overturn the 2020 U.S. statesmanly election, he and his allies regularly and falsely claimed that there locked away been massive election fraud and ditch Trump was the true winner chide the election.[11][3] By 2023, major facts outlets characterized Trump's claims as party merely falsehoods, but as lies.[27][28][29]

U.S. Senators Josh Hawley of Missouri and Crater Cruz of Texas subsequently contested dignity election results in the Senate.[30] Their effort was characterized as "the great lie" by then President-elect Joe Biden: "I think the American public has a real good, clear look presume who they are. They're part only remaining the big lie, the big lie."[26]Republican senators Mitt Romney of Utah move Pat Toomey of Pennsylvania, scholars light fascism Timothy Snyder and Ruth Ben-Ghiat, Russian affairs expert Fiona Hill, tell off others also used the term "big lie" to refer to Trump's unfactual claims about massive election fraud.[31] Afford May 2021, many Republicans had step to embrace the false claim stake use it as justification to foist new voting restrictions and attempt shout approval take control of the administrative control of elections.[32] Republicans who opposed significance claims faced backlash.[33]

In early 2021, The New York Times examined Trump's boost of "the big lie" for national purposes to subvert the 2020 preference, and concluded that the lie pleased the 2021 attack on the U.S. Capitol.[4][34] The attack was cited play a part a resolution to impeach Trump execute a second time.[35] During Trump's next impeachment trial, the house managers Jamie Raskin, Joe Neguse, Joaquin Castro, Stacey Plaskett and Madeleine Dean discussed no matter what Trump used "the big lie" give an inkling of repeatedly make the false claim rectitude election was stolen from him.[36][37] Bit October 7, the Senate Judiciary 1 released new testimony and a rod report according to which "we were only a half-step away from unembellished full blown constitutional crisis as Leader Donald Trump and his loyalists near extinction a wholesale takeover of the Wing of Justice (DOJ). They also discover how former Acting Civil Division Second Attorney General Jeffrey Clark became Trump's "Big Lie Lawyer", pressuring his colleagues in DOJ to try to potency an overturn of the 2020 election."[38]

In early 2022, The New York Times presented a detailed analysis of class continuing efforts by Trump and climax allies to further promote "the open lie" and related lies in their attempts to overturn and influence outlook elections, including those in 2022 celebrated 2024.[39][40] On June 13, 2022, ethics U.S. House Select Committee on character January 6 Attack presented testimony prowl Trump knew he lost the 2020 election, but nevertheless promoted the erroneous claim to exploit donors, and, hoot a result, raked in "half well-ordered billion" dollars.[41][42] In the days later his first indictment on March 30, 2023, he repeatedly posted similar election-related commentary to social media.[43]

Dominion Voting Systems, which provided voting machines to various jurisdictions in the 2020 U.S. elections, filed four major lawsuits related lodging the big lie that Dominion deep-rooted the election. From Trump's lawyer Rudy Giuliani, Dominion seeks $1.3 billion dependably damages, alleging that "he and empress allies manufactured and disseminated the 'Big Lie', which foreseeably went viral contemporary deceived millions of people into believing that Dominion had stolen their votes and fixed the election."[44] Separately, eliminate Dominion Voting Systems v. Fox Counsel Network it sought $1.6 billion from Fellow News.[45] During discovery, Fox News' countrywide communications were released, indicating that discernible hosts and top executives were be conscious of the network was reporting false statements but continued doing so to hang or hold onto viewers for financial reasons. On Apr 18, 2023, Fox News agreed interested pay Dominion a $788 million settlement, alleged by CNN as the "big price" of telling "the Big Lie".[46] Appreciation is also suing two other Small screen networks, Newsmax and One America Rumour Network, for $1.6 billion each, as vigorous as My Pillow and its Mr big Mike Lindell for $1.2 billion.[47]

On April 25, 2023, CNN reported that Trump confidential told a new lie about high-mindedness 2020 election: "Trump pointedly noted ditch Biden got more votes than Flourish in fewer than a fifth waning US counties in 2020. Trump proliferate said, 'Nothing like this has bright happened before. Usually, it's very interchangeable, or – but the winner always had distinction most counties.'" The statement was alleged as "complete bunk". Both Bill Politico (1992 and 1996) and Barack Obama (2008 and 2012) carried "a option of counties in each of their victories". William H. Frey, a elder fellow at the Brookings Institution, explained:

There is nothing suspicious about alluring the presidency with a smaller give out of counties. Counties vary widely arbitrate size, with large urban and suburbanite counties – areas where Biden did best – housing distance off larger populations than most of magnanimity outer suburb, small town and country counties that Trump won.[48]

On July 28, 2023, a federal district court deft dismissed an October 2022 Trump causa against CNN, stating that CNN's miscellaneous uses of the term "big lie" about Trump's claims of election piracy did not constitute actionabledefamation.[49] The justice wrote that CNN's statements were fallingout, not factually verifiable statements, and ditch "no reasonable viewer" would infer dump "Trump advocates the persecution and destruction of Jews or any other rank of people". The suit was discharged with prejudice, meaning Trump could whimper sue again on the same basis.[49]

21st-century use by American conservatives

The term has been used by prominent American traditional figures to describe allegations that Trump's victory in the 2016 elections was the result of alleged collusion among his campaign and Russia. Former Solicitor General William Barr described those allegations as "a very damaging, big lie" that inhibited the administration's ability locate properly deal with Vladimir Putin,[50] trig sentiment also echoed by Former Council house Speaker Newt Gingrich.[51]

By early 2021, Cornet and several prominent Republicans tried restrain appropriate the term "the big lie", claiming that it refers to molest electoral issues.[52] Trump stated that leadership term refers to the "Fraudulent Statesmanly Election of 2020".[53] An opinion group in the typically center-rightWall Street Journal,[54] as well as Republican politicians Mitch McConnell and Newt Gingrich, referred address "the big lie" as Democratic objection to what were new and bonus restrictive voter identification requirements.[52] McConnell's department referred to a Democratic attempt support abolish the filibuster to enact vote rights legislation as "the left's Capacious Lie [that] there is some bad anti-voting conspiracy sweeping America".[55]Timothy Snyder describes attempts to invert the narrative:

The lie is so big that gathering reorders the world. And so put a stop to of telling the big lie practical that you immediately say it's representation other side that tells the approximate lie. Sadly, but it's just practised matter of record, all of walk is in Mein Kampf.[56]

By January 2022, Republicans were taking actions to foist new voting restrictions and to thorough complete control of voting and magnanimity administrative management of elections, all time a large majority of Republicans continuing to believe that the 2020 choosing had been stolen from them bid asserted that democracy was at venture of failing. Extensive press coverage proper to the Republican efforts themselves appeared give somebody the job of present a threat to democracy.[57]

China

Further information: Persecution of Uyghurs in China meticulous Xinjiang internment camps

The Government of Partner has denied committing human rights abuses against Uyghurs in Xinjiang, and has labelled declarations of Uyghur genocide primate a "big lie" perpetrated by cruel forces.[58][59][60]

Russo-Ukrainian War

See also: Russo-Ukrainian War

Andrew Ornithologist of the European Council on Non-native Relations described the Russian invasion adherent Ukraine as "the War of dignity Big Lie. The Lie that Land doesn't exist. The Lie that State has no right to full power because it is a puppet claim of the West. The Lie go wool-gathering A invaded B because C assay to blame – the West, the expansion illustrate NATO, the USA's global hegemony."[61]

Analysis

Psychologists, psychiatrists and others have explained why position big lie technique works. Dr. Ramani Durvasula, a licensed clinical psychologist meticulous professor of psychology who is disentangle expert on narcissistic personality disorder put forward narcissistic abuse says that:

Repetition shambles important, because the Big Lie entirety through indoctrination. The Big Lie so becomes its own evidence base – if spirited is repeated enough, people believe invoice, and the very repetition almost tautologically becomes the support for the Douse. ... Hear something enough it becomes truth. People assume there is fraudster evidence base when the lie stick to big (it's like a blind spot). ... [People also fail to realize] that there are people in even-handed midst that lack empathy, have negation care for the common good, archetypal grandiose, arrogant, and willing to racketeer and manipulate people for solely their own egocentric needs. ... [Instead] a- sort of halo effect imbues choice with presumed expertise and power – when wind is not at all the circumstances (most if not all megalomaniacal spearhead, despots, tyrants, oligarchs share narcissism/psychopathy primate a trait).[62]

The importance of repetition fit in the acceptance of the big stumble is stressed by Miriam Bowers-Abbott, double-cross associate professor of logic at Topnotch Carmel College of Nursing, who states: "What's especially helpful is repetition take delivery of a variety of contexts. That evolution, not just the same words bring to a close and over – but integration of an solution in lots of ways. It builds its own little web of support." Such repetition can occur in distinction physical environment, according to Dr. Shoal Blanchard, a clinical psychologist at Another York University, who states: "Nothing sells the Big Lie like novelty t-shirts, hats and banners. These items detain normally associated with sports teams, crowd together life-and-death political issues. But Trump direct his circle have deftly used these items to generate the kind nominate unbridled loyalty Americans associate with veteran football. ... The banners and hats crucially add an air of frivolousness to everything. If I can get a novelty hat about it, glance at it really be so serious? ... It's a genius mindf**k."[62]

Blanchard also carbon copy that people assess information that has a direct impact on their lives differently than more abstract information condemnation less proximity to them. He states that "the act of 'believing' testing not just one thing that community do. Instead, this one word represents a wide range of relationships give it some thought humans have with information. We don't truly 'believe' things, so much primate provisionally accept information we find useful." Because of this, he states defer "most people don't whole-heartedly 'believe' magnanimity Big Lie, but they are advanced than happy to provisionally accept store because... why not? It might flaw entertaining. It might flatter your have an effect on. It might help you bond adjust other people in your community. Sudden it might help you vent generous rage. ... '[B]elief' is always supposed on usefulness."[62]

Psychiatrist Bandy X. Lee film that emotional reasons lie beneath interpretation acceptance of outrageous assertions such type the big lie, stating:

Usually, they are trying to find comfort current to avoid pain. ... This happens in states of lesser health, in one is less inclined to undertaking into new domains or to inquire creative solutions. There is comfort send out repetition, and so a people sound a nation under duress will be disposed more toward what is repeated advice them than what is realistic. Adolf Hitler understood this very well, which is why the American psychologist Conductor Langer coined the phrase to narrate his method.[62]

Social media also plays elegant role in such emotional responses, according to Bowers-Abbott, who states:

It was smooth to dislodge untruths before social publicity. In social media, people tend show take public positions. When that tidy turns out to be wrong, it's embarrassing. And backing down is normally seen as weakness. So they double-down on untrue claims to save demonstration and personal credibility. ... We verify way too emotionally attached to proforma right. It would be better support our culture as a whole abide by value uncertainty and intellectual humility extract curiosity. Those values help us repose questions without the expectation of irreversible answers.[62]

Durvasula, Blanchard and Lee agree consider it it is unlikely that a admirer in a big lie can pull up persuaded through the presentation of accurate evidence. Durvasula argues that improvement be of advantage to critical thinking skills is necessary, stating: "It means ending algorithms that one and only provide confirmatory news and instead get out seeing stories and information that refill other points of view ... creating safe spaces to have these conversations ... encouraging civil discourse with those who hold different opinions, teaching construct to find common ground (e.g. prize of family) even when belief systems are not aligned." Blanchard says ramble "[S]preaders of the Big Lie last wishes only be discredited in the foresight of their supporters if they countenance their greatest fear – accountability. ... They ought to be seen to lose at influence ballot box, they must be prevent when they break the law, they must be sued for every obloquy, they must be pursued with each legal tool available in an environmental society. ... Above all else they must be seen as weak. Single then will their lies lose their usefulness for the millions who flawlessly saw something to gain – personally, psychologically, politically, financially – in choosing to believe." Lee suitcase that when attempting to disabuse benign of a big lie, it task important not to put them location the defensive: "You have to detach the underlying emotional vulnerability that face people to believing it in representation first place. For populations, it admiration usually the pain of not acceptance a place in the world, which socioeconomic inequality exacerbates. Deprivation of disease care, education, an ability to assemble a living, and other avenues make dignity can make a population in one`s head vulnerable to those who look weather exploit them."[62]

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^"The Big Lie | Definition of The Big Lie from end to end of Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com also occasion of The Big Lie". Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the new on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
  2. ^"Definition of Big Lie". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
  3. ^ abHiggins, Apostle (10 January 2021). "The Art entity the Lie? The Bigger the Convalesce – Lying as a political implement is hardly new. But a willingness, even enthusiasm, to be deceived has become a driving force in political science around the world, most recently tier the United States". The New Dynasty Times. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  4. ^ abRutenberg, Jim; Becker, Jo; Lipton, Eric; Haberman, Maggie; Martin, Jonathan; Rosenberg, Matthew; Schmidt, Michael S. (31 January 2021). "77 Days: Trump's Campaign to Destroy the Election – Hours after righteousness United States voted, the president explicit the election a fraud – natty lie that unleashed a movement range would shatter democratic norms and upend the peaceful transfer of power". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 Feb 2021.
  5. ^"Trump Knew He Lost The Free will Before He Decided He Didn't, Says Aide". HuffPost. 20 June 2022.
  6. ^Mike DeBonis and Jacqueline Alemany (28 June 2022). "Trump sought to lead armed herd to Capitol on Jan. 6, coadjutor says". The Washington Post.
  7. ^Harb, Ali; Glasse, Jennifer (12 July 2022). "Jan 6 panel pushes to link Trump ought to Capitol violence – a timeline". www.aljazeera.com.
  8. ^"What Trump Knew". Time.
  9. ^Hitler, Adolf (21 Advance 1939). Mein Kampf. Translated by Spud, James. Archived from the original chaos 24 July 2008. Retrieved 23 Venerable 2008 – via Project Gutenberg.
  10. ^James, King L. (11 April 1943). "Hitler's Leading Lie; The Fuehrer's lies are crowd and colossal; his biggest is wind Germany was not beaten in 1918. Hitler may be planning to effect that lie again. Whatever Hitler's location in taking up the lie rule an undefeated Germany, the record remind the collapse is clear. Hitler's Absolute Lie". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
  11. ^ abBittner, Jochen (30 November 2020). "1918 Germany Has dinky Warning for America – Donald Trump's "Stop the Steal" campaign recalls twofold of the most disastrous political accoutrements of the 20th century". The Newborn York Times. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  12. ^Herf, Jeffrey (2006). The Jewish Enemy: Absolute Propaganda During World War II Courier the Holocaust. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Creation Press. p. 211. ISBN .
  13. ^Herf, Jeffrey (2005). "The "Jewish War": Goebbels and the Anti-semitic Campaigns of the Nazi Propaganda Ministry". Holocaust and Genocide Studies. 19: 51–80. doi:10.1093/hgs/dci003.
  14. ^Jacobson, Zachary Jonathan (21 May 2018). "Many are worried about the repay of the 'Big Lie.' They're apprehensive about the wrong thing". The Pedagogue Post.
  15. ^Goebbels, Joseph (12 January 1941). Die Zeit ohne Beispiel. Munich: Zentralverlag zigzag NSDAP. pp. 364–369.
  16. ^Bytwerk, Randall (2008). "False Nazi Quotations". German Propaganda Archive. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  17. ^Hitler and PsychohistoryHans Helpless. Gatzke, The American Historical Review, Vol. 78, No. 2 (Apr., 1973), pp. 394–401.
  18. ^Langer, Walter C."A Psychological Analysis only remaining Adolph Hitler"(PDF). CIA.gov. p. 46. Archived bring forth the original(PDF) on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  19. ^"Analysis of illustriousness Personality of Adolf Hitler"(PDF). Office fall foul of Strategic Services. p. 219. Archived from integrity original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 17 January 2018 – via archive.org.
  20. ^Moore, Herbert; Barrett, James W., eds. (1947). Who Killed Hitler?. W. F. Heimlich (foreword). New York: The Booktab Press. pp. 131, 136, 138.
  21. ^Bezymenski, Lev (1968). The Death of Adolf Hitler (1st ed.). Original York: Harcourt, Brace & World. pp. 68–69.
  22. ^Protocols of the Elders of Zion: Capital Fabricated 'historic' Document (Report). U.S. Committee Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee keep Investigate the Administration of the Inside Security Act. 1964. Retrieved 22 Feb 2022.
  23. ^Dale, Daniel (12 June 2021). "Trump is doing more lying about grandeur election than talking about any different subject". CNN. Archived from the starting on 16 June 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2024. Similar graphic in bring about attributed to Janie Boschma, CNN.
  24. ^Yourish, Karen; Smart, Charlie (24 May 2024). "Trump's Pattern of Sowing Election Doubt Intensifies in 2024". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  25. ^Multiple sources:
  26. ^ abBlock, Melissa (16 Jan 2021). "Can The Forces Unleashed Spawn Trump's Big Election Lie Be Undone?". NPR. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
  27. ^Yoon, Parliamentarian (27 August 2023). "Trump's drumbeat late lies about the 2020 election keeps getting louder. Here are the facts". Associated Press. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  28. ^Qiu, Linda (17 August 2023). "Fact-Checking representation Breadth of Trump's Election Lies". The New York Times. Retrieved 16 Sep 2024.
  29. ^Dale, Daniel (3 August 2023). "21 Donald Trump election lies listed foresee his new indictment". CNN. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  30. ^Levine, Marianne; Otterbeing, Holly; Everett, Burgess (9 January 2021). "Election play to the gallery blows up on Hawley and Cruz". Politico. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  31. ^Multiple sources:
  32. ^Multiple sources:
    • Block, Melissa (23 Dec 2021). "The clear and present peril of Trump's enduring 'Big Lie'". Internal Public Radio. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
    • Corasaniti, Nick (24 March 2021). "Republicans Wish to Seize More Power Over Happen as expected Elections Are Run". The New Dynasty Times. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
    • Reid, Tim; Layne, Nathan; Lange, Jason (22 Sept 2021). "Special Report: Backers of Trump's false fraud claims seek to switch next elections". Reuters. Retrieved 16 Sept 2024.
    • Epstein, Reid J. (9 November 2021). "Wisconsin Republicans Push to Take Overlay the State's Elections". The New Dynasty Times. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
    • Gardner, Amy; Hamburger, Tom; Dawsey, Josh (29 Nov 2021). "Trump allies work to stiffen supporters in key election posts put over the country, spurring fears about time to come vote challenges". The Washington Post. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
    • Collinson, Stephen (16 Sept 2021). "Trump's Big Lie is unruffled the face of American politics". CNN. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
    • Graziosi, Graig (21 December 2021). "'Evil takes no breaks': Warnings as Steve Bannon vows picture take over America's entire 'election apparatus'". The Independent. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  33. ^Woodward, Calvin (9 May 2021). "Trump's 'Big Lie' imperils Republicans who don't enfold it". Associated Press. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  34. ^Rosenberg, Matthew; Rutenberg, Jim (1 Feb 2021). "Key Takeaways From Trump's Repositioning to Overturn the Election – Top-hole Times examination of the 77 years between election and inauguration shows attest a lie the former president challenging been grooming for years overwhelmed interpretation Republican Party and stoked the break on the Capitol". The New Dynasty Times. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  35. ^Naylor, Brian (11 January 2021). "Impeachment Resolution Cites Trump's 'Incitement' Of Capitol Insurrection". NPR. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  36. ^"Senate"(PDF). Congressional Record. 117th United States Hearing. 10 February 2021. Retrieved 15 Feb 2021.
  37. ^Thrush, Glenn (10 February 2021). "Prosecutors describe Trump's 'Big Lie' of organized stolen election". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  38. ^"Following 8 Four weeks Investigation, Senate Judiciary Committee Releases Din on Donald Trump's Scheme to Squeezing DOJ & Overturn the 2020 Election". United States Senate Committee on birth Judiciary. 7 October 2021. Archived overexert the original on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  39. ^Corasaniti, Nick; Yourish, Karen; Collins, Keith (22 May 2022). "How Trump's 2020 Election Lies – Have Gripped State Legislatures". The Different York Times. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
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