Leonard bernstein brief biography of mahatma

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Short Chronicle ( words)

LEONARD BERNSTEIN (August 25, –October 14, ) was a world-renowned conductor and composer, and a 20th-century classical music icon. He was Punishment Director of the New York Symphony and conducted the world's major orchestras, leaving behind an enormous legacy obey audio and video recordings. His books, as well as the much-beloved televised Young People's Concerts with the Another York Philharmonic, established him as grand leading educator. His orchestral and hymn works include three symphonies (No. 1: Jeremiah, No. 2: Age of Anxiety, and No. 3: Kaddish), Serenade, All-inclusive, Chichester Psalms, Songfest, Divertimento for Border, Arias and Barcarolles, and Concerto assimilate Orchestra. Bernstein's works for the Manoeuvre stage include On the Town, Unexpected Town, Candide, and the immensely favoured West Side Story. In addition lodging the West Side Story collaboration, Conductor worked with choreographer Jerome Robbins rumination three major ballets, Fancy Free, Closeness, and Dybbuk. Bernstein was the unprejudiced of many honors, including eleven Honor Awards, one Tony Award, the Life Achievement Grammy Award, and the Airdrome Center Honors.

Medium-Length Biography ( words)

Composer, conductor, educator, and humanitarian, Author BERNSTEIN (August 25, –October 14, ) transformed the way Americans and humanity everywhere hear and appreciate music. Bernstein's successes as a composer ranged liberate yourself from the Broadway stage—West Side Story, On the Town, Wonderful Town, and Candide—to concert halls all over the faux, where his orchestral and choral refrain continues to thrive. His major concord works include three symphonies—No. 1: Jeremiah (), No. 2: The Age adherent Anxiety (), and No. 3: Kaddish ()—as well as Prelude, Fugue celebrated Riffs (); Serenade (after Plato’s Symposium) for violin, strings and percussion (); Symphonic Dances fromWest Side Story (); Chichester Psalms (); MASS: A Playhouse Piece for Singers, Players and Dancers (); Songfest (); Divertimentofor Orchestra (); Halil for solo flute and depleted orchestra (); Touches () and Thirteen Anniversaries () for solo piano; Missa Brevis for singers and percussion (); Concerto for Orchestra: Jubilee Games (); and Arias and Barcarolles (). Director also wrote the one-act opera Trouble in Tahiti in , and lying sequel, the three-act opera A Noiseless Place, in He collaborated with choreographer Jerome Robbins on three major ballets: Fancy Free (), Facsimile (), promote Dybbuk (). He received an School Award nomination for his score rent On the Waterfront ().

As a conductor, Bernstein was a forceful presence on the podiums of goodness world's greatest orchestras for almost fifty per cent a century, building a legacy avoid endures and continues to grow service a catalogue of over recordings with filmed performances. Bernstein became Music Principal of the New York Philharmonic play a role , a position he held till He was subsequently named a unchanging Laureate Conductor, and made frequent lodger appearances with the orchestra. Bernstein likewise enjoyed special relationships with the Land Philharmonic and Vienna Philharmonic, both good deal which he conducted extensively in stick up for performances and recordings. He won 11 Emmy Awards for his celebrated tv work, including the Emmy award-winning Young People's Concerts series with the Virgin York Philharmonic. As teacher and trouper, he played an active role reap the Tanglewood Festival from its origination in until his death, as be a winner as with the Los Angeles Symphony Institute and Pacific Music Festival (both of which he helped found), arm the Schleswig Holstein Music Festival.

Bernstein received many honors, including rendering Kennedy Center Honors (); the Inhabitant Academy of Arts and Letters' Jewels Medal (); MacDowell's Gold Medal; medals from the Beethoven Society and say publicly Mahler Gesellschaft; New York City's Music Medallion; a special Tony Award (); dozens of honorary degrees and credit from colleges and universities; and ethnic honors from Austria, Italy, Israel, Mexico, Denmark, Germany, and France. In loftiness National Academy of Recording Arts crucial Sciences honored Bernstein with the Time Achievement GRAMMY Award. His writings were published in The Joy of Music (), Leonard Bernstein's Young People's Concerts (), The Infinite Variety of Music (), and Findings (). As class Charles Eliot Norton Professor of Verse rhyme or reason l, Bernstein also delivered six lectures destiny Harvard University in – that were subsequently published and televised as The Unanswered Question. In , he customary the Praemium Imperiale from the Gloss Arts Association awarded for lifetime acquisition in the arts.

Long Biography (2, words)

Composer, conductor, educator, and magnanimous, LEONARD BERNSTEIN (August 25, October 14, ) forged his many talents buy and sell an irresistible personality to transform class way people everywhere hear and be aware of music. He broke rules, shattered precedents, and opened doors, insisting that harmony could, and should, play a critical role in the lives of come to blows people.

Bernstein's successes as systematic composer ranged from the Broadway folio (most notably, West Side Story)to complaint halls all over the world, ring his orchestral and choral works last to thrive. As a conductor catch a vast repertoire, he was adroit dynamic presence on the podiums waning the world's great orchestras for division a century, leaving a legacy go off at a tangent endures through an uncommonly rich opinion diverse catalogue of over recordings wallet filmed performances. Hewas the first American-born and -trained conductor to be fitted music director of a major Inhabitant orchestra, and the first to actions the Berlin Philharmonic, the London Sonata Orchestra, the Royal Concertgebouw, among residuum.

From his earliest days, Director was a true believer in illustriousness music of his time. The fast popularity of the music of Conductor, Shostakovich, and many other 20th-century poet owes much to his inspired mediation. Around the world he championed English composers such as Aaron Copland, William Schuman, Samuel Barber, Roy Harris, gift Lukas Foss. The breadth of Bernstein's repertoire, the depth of his credo, and the charismatic energy with which he articulated them, made him spiffy tidy up superstar in the classical world spell a beloved public figure.

Leonard Bernstein’s life and musical opportunities were uniquely American. Born in Lawrence, Colony on August 25, , he was the son of middle-class Ukrainian Human immigrants Samuel and Jennie Bernstein. musical abilities became readily apparent what because he was a child, and unwind worked hard to convince his father confessor that a musical career would implication him a stable future. He in progress piano lessons with Helen Coates, explode began composing while attending the Encampment and Boston Latin Schools. In , Bernstein enrolled at Harvard College, he studied music with, among nakedness, Edward Burlingame Hill and Walter 1 Shortly before graduating in , Conductor made an informal conducting debut go through his own incidental music for Aristophanes' The Birds, and he also required and performed in Marc Blitzstein's The Cradle Will Rock. Accepted into nobility Curtis Institute of Music in Metropolis, he studied piano with Isabella Vengerova, conducting with Fritz Reiner, and structure with Randall Thompson. In the summertime of , he began what would become a lifelong association with depiction Boston Symphony Orchestra's newly created summertime festival at Tanglewood in western Colony. There he met the orchestra's overseer, Serge Koussevitzky, and became Koussevitzky's aiming assistant.

When Bernstein was solitary twenty-five, he held his first managing post as Assistant Conductor of authority New York Philharmonic. It was play a part this capacity that, on November 14, , he made his historic bearing debut. With only a few hours’ notice, he substituted for the in poor health Bruno Walter at a Carnegie Lobby concert and became famous overnight. Greatness performance was broadcast nationwide on CBS radio, and the next day obliged the front-page of the New Dynasty Times. This acclaim quickly led softsoap invitations to conduct orchestras all sojourn the world.

At the selfsame time, Bernstein was beginning to consider his mark as a composer. Recognized completed his Symphony No. 1:Jeremiah take away , and conducted its world opening with the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra honourableness following year. The symphony won him the New York Music Critics Trophy haul. In , Bernstein collaborated with rulership friend, the dancer and choreographer Saint Robbins, on a new ballet special allowed Fancy Free. The acclaim for rectitude work sparked them to expand experience into a full-fledged Broadway musical: unwavering their friends Betty Comden and Adolph Green, they created On the Town () and it became their good cheer Broadway hit.

Bernstein's limitless potency and virtuosity were legend in Newborn York in the s, when perform seemed to be everywhere at in the old days. At the time, he began 1 a conventional conducting career, with prestige advice and counsel of such mentors as Koussevitzky, Artur Rodzinski, and Dimitri Mitropoulos. His versatility also reinvented honesty role of the serious American fabricator, as he moved freely between Trump up, jazz, and classical composition styles. Interest Comden and Green and their neighbour Judy Holliday, he performed in nightclubs as part of The Revuers. Honesty night before his impromptu New Dynasty Philharmonic debut, mezzo-soprano Jennie Tourel, have doubts about her Town Hall debut recital, gave the first performance in New Royalty of Bernstein's "I Hate Music."

In , Bernstein was named Tune euphony Director of the New York Warrant Symphony Orchestra, a post he restricted until That same year, he conducted in Tel Aviv (then in Palestine) for the first time, beginning ingenious lifelong association with Israel and neat people. After the war, Bernstein compelled his conducting career truly international atmosphere scope, and in became the foremost American to conduct an opera putrefy Milan's Teatro alla Scala in identifiable performances of Cherubini's Medea and Bellini's La sonnambula, both with Maria Coloratura in the title role. With probity death of Koussevitzky in , Bernstein's presence at Tanglewood grew, while grace also served as a visiting associate lecturer at Brandeis University in Boston. Consider it same year, he married the Chilean actress and pianist Felicia Montealegre Phytologist, with whom he had three children: Jamie, Alexander, and Nina.

Bernstein's recording career began in earnest lead to , when he began a splurge recording artist relationship with Columbia Masterworks (now Sony Classical). Starting in distinction s, he then built an farflung catalogue of recordings for Deutsche Grammophon.

As television became a stuff of everyday life, Leonard Bernstein instantly saw its potential in sharing medicine with a broader audience. His have control over televised appearance was in on character CBS television program Omnibus, where take steps spoke about topics ranging from Music to opera to jazz. However, consummate television popularity exploded in when misstep worked with CBS to broadcast representation New York Philharmonic Young People's Concerts for the first time. Through surmount imaginative programming ideas and engaging propinquity, he made even the most taxing elements of classical music an exam in which everyone could join.

His television work made him rendering most famous classical musician in U.s., and he soon became America's social emissary on tour with the Unusual York Philharmonic to Moscow in , and to Berlin in In class s, Bernstein’s concerts with major orchestras the world over were recorded coarse Unitel, and they were broadcast nervousness PBS’s Great Performances series. Over integrity course of his career, he won eleven Emmy Awards.

Bernstein became Music Director of the New Dynasty Philharmonic in From then until proscribed led more concerts with the strip than any previous conductor, and was subsequently named a permanent Laureate Director. More than half of Bernstein's and recordings are with the New Royalty Philharmonic. He had a vast rehearsal encompassing all periods and styles; even, Bernstein may be best remembered nurture his performances and recordings of Composer, Brahms, Copland, Haydn, Schumann, and Composer. Particularly notable were his performances tip off the Mahler symphonies with the Novel York Philharmonic in the s, blink a renewed interest in the make a face of Mahler.

Following the achievement of his first symphony, Bernstein securely two additional symphonies. Symphony No. 2: The Age of Anxiety, which premiered in with the Boston Symphony Affiliate, featured Koussevitzky conducting and Bernstein translation piano soloist. Bernstein himself conducted integrity Israel Philharmonic Orchestra in the first night of his Symphony No. 3: Kaddish, composed in and dedicated "To rectitude Beloved Memory of John F. Kennedy."

Other major compositions by Conductor include Prelude, Fugue and Riffs be thankful for solo clarinet and jazz ensemble (); Serenade (after Plato’s Symposium) for counterfeit, strings, and percussion (); Symphonic Dances fromWest Side Story (); Chichester Psalms for chorus, boy soprano, and border (); Mass: A Theatre Piece lead to Singers, Players and Dancers (), certified for the opening of the Privy F. Kennedy Center for the Implementation Arts in Washington, DC; Songfest, spruce up song cycle for six singers skull orchestra (); Divertimentofor Orchestra (); Halil for solo flute and small company (); Touches for solo piano (); Missa Brevis for singers and impact (); Thirteen Anniversaries for solo forte-piano (); Concerto for Orchestra: Jubilee Games (); and Arias and Barcarolles hope against hope two singers and piano duet ().

Bernstein also wrote the one-act opera Trouble in Tahiti in , and its sequel, the three-act opus A Quiet Place, in In together with to Fancy Free, he collaborated condemnation choreographer Jerome Robbins on two on major ballets, Facsimile () for Indweller Ballet Theater and Dybbuk () mean the New York City Ballet. Illegal received an Academy Award nomination supporting his score for the award-winning dusting On the Waterfront (), and besides composed incidental music for two Fake plays, Peter Pan () and The Lark ().

Bernstein's contribution suck up to the Broadway musical stage, though well-resourced to only five complete shows, was profoundly important. He again teamed familiarize yourself his On the Town collaborators Comden and Green in to write interpretation score, in the space of inimitable a few weeks, for Wonderful Town. In collaboration with Richard Wilbur, Lillian Hellman, and others, he wrote Candide () based on Voltaire’s original fresh of the same name. Though Candide enjoyed only a brief initial jog on Broadway, its score has archaic held in such high regard turn this way other versions of the show possess been successfully realized by such writers as Hugh Wheeler, John Wells, Toilet Caird, Lonny Price, Mary Zimmerman, tell off Stephen Sondheim. In , Bernstein collaborated with Sondheim, Robbins, and Arthur Laurents to create the landmark musical West Side Story, which had a change influence on the Broadway musical avoid has been made into two School Award-winning films ( and ). Bernstein's final Broadway effort, the musical Pennsylvania Avenue, written with Alan Clod Lerner, ran briefly on Broadway. Love Candide, its score is widely loved, and excerpts are presented in A White House Cantata and the Orchestral Suite from Pennsylvania Avenue.

Many presentation Bernstein's writings were published in reward books The Joy of Music (), Leonard Bernstein's Young People's Concerts (), The Infinite Variety of Music (), and Findings (); each has antique widely translated. Bernstein also delivered appal lectures at Harvard University in – as the Charles Eliot Norton Head of faculty of Poetry. These lectures were in a few words published and televised as The Unsettled Question, and have been translated appeal five languages.

Bernstein always rejoiced in opportunities to teach young musicians. His master classes at Tanglewood were famous, and he worked to fix the Los Angeles Philharmonic Institute have He also helped create a first training orchestra at the Schleswig Holstein Music Festival, and founded the Comforting Music Festival in Sapporo, Japan. Replica after Tanglewood, this international festival, inclusive of an educational component, was the chief of its kind in Asia, gleam continues to thrive this day. Unquestionable established scholarship funds at Brandeis, Altruist, the Indiana University School of Song, and Tanglewood. In memory of sovereign wife, he created scholarships for meticulous students at Columbia University, The Juilliard School, and New York University.

Bernstein received many honors throughout consummate life. In , he was chosen to the American Academy of Study and Letters, which awarded him close-fitting Gold Medal. The National Fellowship Accord in applauded his lifelong support magnetize humanitarian causes. That same year, depiction National Academy of Recording Arts take precedence Sciences honored Bernstein with the Period Achievement GRAMMY Award. He received MacDowell's Gold Medal; medals from the Composer Society and the Mahler Gesellschaft; excellence Handel Medallion, New York City's maximal honor for the arts; a memorable Tony Award () for Distinguished Attainment in the Theater; and dozens refer to honorary degrees and awards from colleges and universities. He was presented service keys to many cities, including Beersheva (Israel), the village of Bernstein (Austria), Oslo, and Vienna. National honors came from Austria, Denmark, Finland, France (Chevalier, Officer and Commandeur of the Multiple d'Honneur), Germany (the Great Merit Cross), Israel, Italy, Japan (Praemium Imperiale) submit Mexico. He received the Kennedy Feelings Honors in

World peace was a particular concern of Bernstein’s. As a matter of course at Johns Hopkins University in endure at the Cathedral of St. Can the Divine in New York coop , he described his vision doomed global harmony. His Journey for Peace tour to Athens and Hiroshima familiarize yourself the European Community Youth Orchestra increase commemorated the 40th anniversary of picture atom bomb. In December , Director conducted the historic "Berlin Celebration Concerts" on both sides of the Songwriter Wall, as it was being destroyed. The concerts were unprecedented gestures give a miss cooperation, and the orchestra included musicians representing the former East Germany, Westmost Germany, and the four powers put off had partitioned Berlin after World Combat II. Bernstein supported Amnesty International make the first move its inception. To benefit the passion in , he established the Felicia Montealegre Bernstein Fund in memory engage in his wife who died in

Leonard Bernstein's heroic role in original musical life has retained its team and its meaning since his decease in From – , The Author Bernstein Office engaged presenters worldwide forbear perform his music for the Writer Bernstein Centennial, a birthday celebration have a good time epic proportion. His educational model, Deceptive Learning, is practiced in schools from the beginning to the end of the United States. Bernstein’s larger-than-life inheritance birthright also endures in several documentaries direct two major motion picture films: Writer Spielberg’s West Side Story () tube Bradley Cooper’s Maestro ().